Sworn translations for international adoption · from €149
Registered sworn translator

Certified translations for an international adoption

From the French approval (agrément) to the foreign adoption judgment, including the Hague Convention conformity certificate: our expert translators support adoptive parents and Authorised Adoption Bodies (OAA) through the most sensitive procedures, with rigour and confidentiality.

Adoption pack from €149
Accepted by MAI / MEAE / SCEC
Absolute confidentiality
France ↔ country of origin
At a glance
Adoptive parents' pack€149
Standard delivery48 to 72 hours
AuthoritiesMAI / AFA / SCEC
Procedure timeframe2 to 6 years
Framework1993 Hague Convention
Customer satisfaction★ 4.9 / 5

Legal framework: AFA, MAI, MEAE, Hague Convention

International adoption is a particularly regulated procedure. It involves several French and international institutions:

  • MEAE · the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs, France's central authority for international adoption under the 1993 Hague Convention.
  • MAI · Mission for International Adoption, a department attached to the MEAE, responsible for operational coordination, verifying procedural compliance, and liaising with foreign authorities.
  • AFA · French Adoption Agency (Agence Française de l'Adoption), a public interest group (GIP) that supports applicants throughout the international adoption procedure.
  • OAA · Authorised Adoption Bodies, associations authorised by the MEAE to act as intermediaries with certain countries.
  • Departmental council · issues the adoption approval after a social enquiry and psychological assessment (French Social Action and Families Code, articles L225-1 et seq.).
  • SCEC Nantes · Central Civil Status Service, responsible for transcribing the foreign judgment and issuing a French birth certificate.

The Hague Convention of 29 May 1993

Ratified today by 85 States, this convention on the protection of children and co-operation in respect of intercountry adoption establishes several fundamental principles:

  • Principle of subsidiarity: international adoption is considered only when the child's best interests cannot be met in their country of origin.
  • Central authorities in each State, responsible for coordinating the procedure.
  • Social enquiry and medical report exchanged between authorities.
  • Conformity certificate (article 23) issued at the end of the foreign procedure, certifying that the adoption was carried out in accordance with the Convention. This certificate constitutes automatic recognition in all Contracting States.
French legal framework: international adoption is governed by articles 343 to 370-5 of the French Civil Code and articles L225-1 to L225-20 of the French Social Action and Families Code. Articles 370-3 to 370-5 set out the applicable private international law rules.

Documents for adoptive parents (France → country of origin)

The candidate adoptive parents' file is compiled in France, then sent to the authorities of the child's country of origin. It must therefore be translated into the country's official language (Spanish, Russian, Portuguese, Amharic, Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Korean, etc.) by a sworn translator registered with a French Court of Appeal.

Core documents

  • Adoption approval issued by the departmental council (valid for 5 years).
  • Social enquiry report carried out by the department's social workers.
  • Psychological assessment.
  • Medical notice / medical certificates for both parents.
  • Life project / structured motivation letter (identity letter).
  • Birth certificate of the adoptive parents (see birth certificate).
  • Marriage certificate or PACS certificate (see marriage certificate).
  • Divorce judgment, where applicable.
  • Criminal record (bulletin n°3) of the adoptive parents · see criminal record.
  • Tax assessment notice and proof of income (last 3 payslips, employer's certificate).
  • Proof of address and photos of the home.
  • Valid identity documents (national ID card or passport).
Apostille/legalisation mandatory: all adoptive parents' documents must be apostilled (or legalised, depending on the country) before the certified translation. In some countries of origin, a further legalisation at the local consulate is required after translation.

Documents for the child (country of origin → France)

Once the matching has taken place and the adoption judgment has been issued in the country of origin, the documents concerning the child must be translated into French for the French transcription.

  • Foreign birth certificate of the child.
  • Abandonment certificate or judgment declaring the child adoptable.
  • Consent to adoption (biological family, guardianship authority or family council).
  • Foreign adoption judgment (issued by the court in the country of origin).
  • Hague Convention conformity certificate (article 23), where applicable.
  • Medical certificate of the child at the time of the judgment.
  • Child's passport and authorisation to leave the country.
  • Long-stay adoption visa issued by the French consulate.

In some countries, the adoption is issued locally in two stages: provisional custody / guardianship, then a final decision. Each decision must be translated.

Transcription onto the French registers (SCEC Nantes)

Once the child arrives in France, the final step is to have the foreign adoption judgment transcribed onto the French civil status registers, with the SCEC in Nantes. Documents to provide:

  • Apostilled or legalised foreign adoption judgment, translated by a sworn translator.
  • Hague Convention conformity certificate (article 23).
  • Translated birth certificate of the child.
  • Adoptive parents' family record book.
  • Adoptive parents' identity documents.

After transcription, the SCEC in Nantes issues a French birth certificate for the child, thereby granting them French nationality. If the adoption is classified as full adoption under French law, the original filiation is replaced; otherwise it is added to it (simple adoption).

Simple adoption vs. full adoption

Full adoption

Full adoption (articles 343 to 359 of the French Civil Code) permanently severs all legal ties with the biological family. It establishes an exclusive filiation between the child and the adoptive family. The French birth certificate issued by the SCEC lists the adoptive parents as the sole parents.

Simple adoption

Simple adoption (articles 360 to 370-2 of the French Civil Code) adds an adoptive filiation link without severing ties with the biological family. The child retains inheritance rights within their family of origin.

Special case: kafala and countries applying Islamic law

Countries applying Islamic law (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia to a lesser extent, many Gulf countries) do not recognise adoption in the Western sense. They practise kafala, a legal guardianship arrangement that does not establish filiation. Kafala cannot be directly transcribed as an adoption in France. Article 370-3, paragraph 2, of the French Civil Code prohibits adoption where the child's personal law prohibits it.

However, after 5 years of kafala and the child's acquisition of French nationality, a simple or full adoption may be pronounced by a French judicial court.

Absolute confidentiality: adoption documents contain extremely sensitive information (abandonment, consent, identity of biological parents, the child's medical condition). Transdoc applies strict protocols: restricted access, hosting on French servers, secure destruction, and a confidentiality agreement signed by every translator.

Adoption pack pricing

Pack Documents included Price (incl. tax) Savings
Adoptive Parents Pack Popular Approval + social enquiry report + medical notice + life project €149 -20%
Foreign Judgment Pack Child's birth certificate + adoption judgment + Hague certificate €99 -15%
Complete International Pack Adoptive Parents Pack + Foreign Judgment Pack €219 -25%
SCEC Transcription Pack Foreign judgment + child's birth certificate + Hague certificate €109 -16%
Abandonment certificate / consent Per document €49 -

Procedure in 4 steps

1
Compile the approval file
File the approval application with the departmental council. Social enquiry, psychological assessment and decision issued within 9 months maximum. Approval valid for 5 years, renewable.
2
Translate the file into the language of the country of origin
We translate the approval, social enquiry report, medical notice and all administrative documents into the language required by the foreign central authority (Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Chinese, etc.).
3
Translate the child's documents into French
After matching and the foreign judgment, we translate the birth certificate, abandonment certificate, consent and adoption judgment into French for the rest of the procedure in France.
4
Transcribe with the SCEC in Nantes
File the transcription request with the SCEC in Nantes with all certified translations. Issuance of a French birth certificate and French nationality for the child.
Expert tip: arrange for the approval to be translated as soon as you receive it, even before targeting a specific country. An approval translated into English and Spanish already covers most countries open to international adoption. The specific language (Amharic for Ethiopia, Korean for Korea, Chinese for China) can be added once you engage with the country.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Mission for International Adoption (MAI)?

The MAI is the department of the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE) in charge of international adoption. It ensures compliance with the 1993 Hague Convention and coordinates the work of central authorities, OAA bodies, and French consulates.

What documents need to be translated for an international adoption file?

Outbound (France → country of origin): approval, social enquiry report, medical notice, life project, financial statements, identity documents, marriage certificate, criminal record.

Inbound (country of origin → France): the child's birth certificate, abandonment certificate, consent to adoption, foreign adoption judgment, Hague Convention conformity certificate.

What is the 1993 Hague Convention?

The Hague Convention of 29 May 1993 on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption establishes the principle of subsidiarity and organises cooperation between central authorities. It has been ratified by 85 States as of 2026.

The conformity certificate (article 23) issued at the end of the foreign procedure constitutes automatic recognition in all Contracting States.

What is the difference between simple and full adoption?

Full adoption permanently severs legal ties with the biological family and establishes an exclusive filiation. Simple adoption adds an adoptive link without severing biological ties.

Countries applying Islamic law recognise only kafala, which requires a specific procedure to convert it into an adoption in France.

How much does a translation pack for international adoption cost?

Our Adoptive Parents Pack starts at €149 (approval + social enquiry report + medical notice + life project). The Foreign Judgment Pack is €99. The Complete International Pack at €219 combines both and represents a 25% saving compared with per-document pricing.

Can you adopt a child from a country that is not a signatory to the Hague Convention?

Yes, the procedure is then governed by French law (articles 370-3 to 370-5 of the French Civil Code) and the law of the country of origin. The safeguards are fewer and the process is more complex. The French judicial court will have to rule on the validity of the adoption.

How is the adoption transcribed onto the French registers?

Transcription is requested from the SCEC in Nantes on the basis of the translated and apostilled foreign adoption judgment, the Hague Convention conformity certificate, the child's birth certificate and the adoptive parents' identity documents. After transcription, the child acquires a French birth certificate and French nationality.

What is the average timeframe for an international adoption?

Between 2 and 6 years, depending on the country of origin, the profile of the child sought, and the central authority's caseload. The approval is valid for 5 years, renewable.

Timeframes tend to lengthen, consistent with the Hague principle of subsidiarity: more children are being adopted within their country of origin before becoming candidates for international adoption.

International adoption support · with rigour and discretion

Adoption pack from €149. Absolute confidentiality, specialised sworn translators, France ↔ country of origin, both directions.